Pipe covering and method of making same



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F. s.. PILLIOD MPE covERiNG AND METHOD oF MAKING SAME v Filed Nov. 6,1922 @Mmemw M (am 53516 fla; @Miam/1,12%, 'I

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my n, B92@ F. L. PILLIOD PIE COVERING AND METHOD OF MAKING SME'A FiledNov. 6, '1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented July l, 1924. p

FREDERIC L. PILLIOD, 0F PLAINFIELD, NEW J EY', assrervoa 'ro.Tonus-Marivaux INCRPORATED, A COORATION 0F NEW YOil i2 Pira covnnmeannnon or n Application med November 6, 1932]. Serial No. 599,180.

To allwlwm z't may concern:

Be it known that I, Fnannmo L. Palmen, a citizen of the United States oferica, residing at 1216 Ever Y- n Avenue, Plainfield, county of Union,Jersey have invented certain new and useful improvements in PipeCoverings and Methods of Making Same, of which the following is aspecication.

My invention relates to the manufacture of non-heat conducting coveringfor steampipes or water-pipes, etc., and more particularly comprisescertain improvements in the particular character of sectional pipecovering designed for use on pipe conveyin a cold iuid, the function ofsaid covering ing to protect the duid from access of heat and to preventthe deposition of moisture on the surface of the pipe, such 4as wouldotherwise result from condensation thereon oit moisture of theatmosphere.

Pipe covering of this kind is generally made by winding up a web ontsome light porous material, such as woolfelt, and the problem is toprotect said material from 4the action of moisture which tends todisintegrate the same and to do this without unduly increasing the costand diculty of the process of manufacture.

My present invention accomplishes these desired results and thecompleted pipe covering and the various steps of its manufacture areillustrated in the accompanying two sheets oi drawings in vwhich Fig. lis a side elevation of the preferred form of apparatus on which my pipecover-- ing may be manufactured, parts being shown in section or brokenawa Fig. 2 is a detailed view of the referred form of the paste-applyingroller orlning a part of this apparatus; l

Figs. 3, 4 and 5 are diagrammatic views with parts broken away showingvarious stages of the winding operation by which the pipe covering isformed; v

Fig. 6 is a perspective view showing several lengths of the pipecovering as the same are assembled in use;

Fig. 7 is an end view of a section of pipe covering after the same hasbeen slit longitudinally, but before the final covering has beenapplied; p f

Fig. 8 is an end view of the completed covering applied to the pipe, thelatter being shown in cross-section, and

lFig. 9 is a side view of the pipe and covermg, parts being broken away.

Throughout the drawings like reference' characters indicate like parts.

1 is the main frame of the winding chine'on which is supported the guiderollers 3'and 4 and man rel 5 for handlin the web of wool-felt 17 whichis origina y. wound 'up in a roll 22 on spool 2. o is a pulley which isdriven by the power belt 7 and from which motion is transmitted' by belt10 to themandrel 5. 8 is a fountain oi liquid cementitious .materiah'such as a solution of silicate of soda in `which the :freely journaledroller 9 is partly immersed. 11 is any suitable ch'ain and sprocketearing by which motion is transmitted rom mandrel 5 to paste roller 12journaled in the paste fountain 15 and in contact with the circular ribsor danges 14: on the..A roll 13 which is journaled in the swin 'ngvframe 28. This frame is pivoted on t e shaft of paste roller 12 So thatthe roller 12 and the ribs 14 on roll y13 are always in contact. 16 isany suitable table supported by the main frame 1 and over which tablethe web of wool-felt 17 runs just before reaching the vmarul'rel 5.vPreferably silicate of soda solution' is also used in the `fountain 15.

Such being the construction of the apparatus the preferred method ofwinding up sections of wool-felt web 17 to form pipe covering is asfollows:

rlhe `web -of wool-felt 17 is threaded through the machine so that theend thereof rests upon table 16, as illustrated in Fig. 3.

The operator then takes a strip of smoothfaced material 18, which ispreferably asbestos paper previously saturated in asphaltum so as tomake it waterproof and which has a length equal to the width' of thewool-felt web 17 and width suticient to wind once around the mandrel 5,and after passing said strip of material 18-over the cement pastereservoir or ool 2, the

carrying roller 9 so as to coat its under-surface, deposits the` strip18 upon the end of the web17 as sho'wn in Fig. 3, thus cement- Aing saidstrip to the end of said web.- The ley 6 is rotated by the power belt 7in a direction such as to give said mandrel rotation in al the strip ofpaper I counter-clockwise direction. vllhis winds the web of wool-felt17 up on mandrel 5 with 18 on the inside ofthe tube so formed, asindicated in Fig. d, until a given thickness of wall of the tube soformed is'attaincd. Preferably the section of tubing 21-so formed has athicmess of wall approximating one-half the thickness of wall of thedesired pipe covering to the manufactured. During this winding operationthe swinging frame 28 has been swung over into the position shown inbroken lines in Fig.` 1 carrying with it the paste roll 13v so that theflanges or ribs 14a thereon have rested upon the exterior of theweb ofwool-felt 17 as it was being wound upon the mandrel 5. This has causedthe superimposed coils of the wool-felt 17 to be cemented together byintervenin lines of silicate of soda. When the proper 'ckness of wall oftube section 21, shown in Fig. 4c, has been attained, the windingoperation is stopped for' an interval of time and the operator picks uptwo sheets of waterproof asbestos paper 19 which are placed one upon theother, each being long enough to extend across the web of wool-felt 17and wide enough to wind around the tube section 21 alr' ady formed, theunder surface of the lower s yeet 19 being covered with a coating ofcement' by passing the two sheets over the paste roller 9. rl`heoperator then deposits these two sheets of paper 19 upon the wool feltsupported by table 16 wit the cementbearing surface underneath, asindicated in Fig. a, thus cementin the underlayer of paper 19 to thewoolelt. The winding -up of the wool-felt, and the sheets of paper 19carried thereby, on the mandrel 5 is then resumedb putting the mandrelagain in rotation. s the upper. of the two sheets of paper 19 comes incontact with the surface of the tube section 21, as it is rolled on. tothe same, it is cemented thereto by the action ofthe strips of silicateof soda which have been deposited on the surface of the tube by theanges 14 on the paste roller 13.

Continuing the winding-up of the woolfelt web until the tube sections soformed. have an aggregate thickness of wall equal to the thickness ofwall of the desired pipe covering, a structure such as shown in Fig. 5is produced in which one of the` intertwined sheets of waterproof paper19 is cemented to the'inner surface of the outer section 27 of the tubewall, while the other sheet of paper 19 is cemented to the outer surfaceof the inner section 21 of said tube. 'lo properly complete the job, theoperator then takes' a sheet of waterproof asbestos paper 20 whichis of-a width suiiicient to wind twice around the outer section 27 of the pie covering and, after applying a coating ci) silicate of soda to theunder surface of the said sheet 2 0 by passing it over paste roller 9,places it upon the web 17 of wool-felt, as indicated in Fig.

accesar 5, this being done while the winding is again temporarilyinterrupted. @n resumlng winding operations, this sheet of paper 20 iswound twice around the outer section of pipe covering, leavin agojecting flap 23 as shown in Fig. 'l e around the mandrel 5 is thenremoved therefrom and slit longitudinally along an elevment of itscylindrical surface, as indicated at 24: in Fig.' 7. Preferably, thisslitting is `done along a radial plane which passes l through theoverlapping ends yof the several sheets of waterproof paper 18, 19 and20, but this is not necessary. Preferably a final covering of muslin 28is wrapped around the outer tube and cemented thereto, as indicated inFigs. 8 and 9.

When the covering so formed lis applied to a pipe 25, as indicated inFig. 8, the sections 21, 27, are spr ung apart so that they may besnapped over the pipe through the slit 2t'.

tube thus formed y The said sections are then twisted andslid i Havingproperly arranged the flap 2.3 of

each section, it is pasted down vin the position shown in Fig; 8 and thewrapping 28 also has its iaps eld down by any suitable means andpreferably a binding strip of flexible metal 26 .is drawn tightly aroundeach section, as shown in Fig.l 9.

rlhe advantages of my invention comprise the combination with light,porous, heat-insulating wool-felt or similar material, of the layers ofdense waterproof paper 18, 19 and 20, or similar material, whichcompletely protect the wool-felt fror4 the access of moisture both fromthe outside of the covering or from the inside of the covering, thedivision of the wool-felt body of the covering into two sections whichhave their opposing faces covered by the hard smooth paper sheets 19, sothat they may slip one over the other for the purpose of breakingjoints, and thesimple and rapid process by which such composite pipecovering is wound up on a rapidly rotating mandrel. The sheets ofwaterproof paper 19 also form a useful function 1n preventing access ofmoisture from one section of the pipe cover to the'other so that if theextreme inner or outer covering of the wool-felt is penetrated bymoisture only one section of the pipe covering will be deterioratedthereby, the other still being maintained in a dry condition by theintervening sheets of waterproof paper 19. v

lt is evident that certain minor changes in the arrangement of parts andmethods of procedure might be made without departing from the underlyingprinciple of my invention. rlhus, for instance, the u per of ias Aaccessi per uncemented surface of the lower remaining vsheet 19 `to theinner section of the pipe covering 21 avoided by .lifting the paste roll13, 14, out of contactwith said section 21 while the sheet of-paper 19is being wound in. This would leave the sinle sheet of paper 19 thenused. pasted to vt e inner surface ofthe outer section 27 of thecompleted (pipe covering, but with its' other uncemente surface incontact with a dry and uncemented section of the woolfelt web 17, sothat whenthe com leted covering is slit, as shown in Fig. the twosections 21 and 27 may be twisted and shifted one upon the other, asindicated in Figs. 6 and'8, almost as freely as though the two sectionsof paper 19 had been-em- -ployed as described in the preferred method ofcarrying out my invention.

The joints in the inner and outer sections being out of line one withthe other, the penetration of moisture through a bad joint in the outersection stops at the outer sur face of the inner section, and the sameis true of the circulation of air in spaces formed by abad joint.

Having described m invention, l claim: 1. The herein descri ed processof forming sectional pipe covering which comprises the following steps:first, cementing to the end of a web of non-heat conducting material,such as wool-felt, a strip of waterproof material, such as saturatedasbestos paper, which strip of paper is as long as the web is broad andwide enough to extend around the circumference of the pipe to becovered, and then winding the web around a mandrel of proper diameterwith the waterproof strip next to the mandrel, and' applyingcementitious matter to theexterior of said web during the windingprocess, continuing euch windmg until a tube is formed of a thickness ofwall e ual to a predetermined fraction of the thickness of wall of thepipe covering to be produced; second', cementing a second strip ofsmooth-surfaced material to the same surface of the web of wool-felt asthat to which the above mentioned strip has been first applied, saidsecond stri being of a length equal to the width o the said web and of awidth sucient to extend o'nce around the tube then formed by the windingof said web, and superposing on the uncemented face of said stripanother of similar size free from cementitious material; third,continuing the Winding and cementing of the web until a tube of thethickness of the lwall of the der so formed.

2. The herein described process of forming sectional pipe covering whichcomprises the followin steps: first, cementing to the -end of a we vofnon-heat conducting material, such as wool-felt, a. strip of waterproofmaterial, such as saturated asbestos paper, which strip of paper is aslong as the web is broad and wide enough to extend around thecircumference of the pipe to be covered, and then winding lthe webaround a mandrel of proper diameter with the waterproof strip next tothe mandrel, and applying cementitious matter to the exterior of saidweb during the winding process, continuin such wlnding until a tube isformed o a thickness of wall equal to a predetermined fraction of thethickness of wall of the pipe covering to be produced; second cementinga second strip of smooth-surfaced material to the samesurface of the webof `wool-felt as that to which the above mentioned strip has been irstapplied, said sec" ond stri being of a length equal to the width o thesaid web and of a width sum.-

cient to extend once around the tube then formed by the winding of saidweb, and 4 superposing on the uncemented faceof said strip another ofsimilar size free from cementitious-material; third, continuing `thewinding and cementing of the web until a tube of the thickness of thewall of the desired completed pipe covering is obtained, cementing tothe last wound portion of the web a strip of waterproof material as lonas the width of the web and wide enoug to extend at least once aroundthe completed tube, and, fourth, slitting the wall of said tubelengthwise along one end of the tube so formed.

3. llhe process, such as described in claim 2, in which' all theinserted strips of material are also waterproof.

4. The process, such as described, in claim 2, in which the'insertedstrips of material are wound around into the tube in such position thattheir overlapping edges lie approximately in the sameradial plane alongwhich plane the final slitting operation is performed.

5. As an article of manufacture, a sectional pipe covering comprisingtwonested longitudinally slitted tubes each composed of a. superposedIlayer of non-heat conducting material cemented together and a layer ofsmooth-faced material located between the adjacent surfaces of two tubesso formed and cemented to one of the only whereby .the two tubes whenapplied to a pi'pe as a covering therefor can be. slid one upon theother both circumferentially and longitudinally for the purpose ofbreaking joints.

6. As an article of manufacture, sectional pipe covering comprising twonested, longitudinallv slitted tubes each composed of superposed layersof a non-heat conductin material with a layer of waterproof materialying between them.

7. As an article ofmanufacture, sectiongitu nally slitted tubes eachcomposed of superposed layers of a non-heat conducting material with alayer of waterproof material lying between them, a second layer ofwaterproof material lining the inner tube anda hird `layer of waterproofmaterial forming vpart of the exterior Wall of the outer tube.

8. As an' article of manufacture a sectional pi ie covering comprisingtwo, nested, longitu inally slitted tubes each composed of mennensuperposedlayers of a non-heat conducting material cementedy togetherwith a layer of smooth-faced material cemented to the inner surface ofthe outer tube and a l'ayer of similar material cemented to the outersur- .face ofthe inner tube, whereby when a series ofsuch nested tubesare placed end to end vinline one with another the outer tubes may

